The Hallstatt culture was an ancient civilization that thrived during the early Iron Age in Europe. This culture emerged around the 13th century BC and lasted until approximately the 5th century BC. It is named after the Hallstatt archaeological site, where a wealth of artifacts and evidence of this civilization was discovered. The Hallstatt culture is recognized as one of the most important and influential archaeological cultures of prehistoric Europe. It played a significant role in the development of Celtic culture and had a lasting impact on the region's social, economic, and technological advancements.
The Hallstatt culture's influence extended far beyond its geographical boundaries. Through extensive trade networks, they established connections with neighboring cultures, exchanging goods, ideas, and technologies. Their interactions with the Etruscans, Greeks, and other Mediterranean civilizations played a crucial role in shaping the cultural landscape of Central Europe. Despite the eventual decline of the Hallstatt culture, its impact endured as it laid the foundation for subsequent Celtic civilizations. The knowledge and advancements developed during this period became the building blocks for later Celtic societies in Europe.
Iron was intially considered to be a luxery within Hallstatt culture, being primarly used in jewelry rather than weapons and armor, which were largely made out of bronze. Only around 800 BC did iron become common for weapons and tools, along with high-carbon steel. Hallstaatt warriors also made use of stocked spears and javelin. In terms of armor they used two-piece cuirass which were decorated to punctuate the wearer's manliness. Horses also carried some importance to the culture, though to what extent they were used in warfare is unkown.
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